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ERZURUM

Erzurum has the rough and ready atmosphere of a  frontier agricultural town. Indeed it is both. It has been fought over innumerable times; and it lies in the heart of  the great pastoral Anatolian plateau. 

The name Erzurum may come from the name given by the Seljuk invaders: Arz-er-Rum, the land of the Romans. It occupies a strategic position in the center of the plateau, and it has been the most important city in the approaches to eastern Anatolia. Each invader in turn has attacked and held the city; most recently the Russians, twice in 19th century and again in 1916.